Coercive control: What it is and how the law protects you

Coercive control is a form of domestic abuse that can be subtle, persistent, and deeply damaging. Unlike physical violence, it often operates through patterns of behaviour that undermine a person’s independence, confidence, and sense of safety. Coercive control is increasingly recognised within the legal system, with the courts treating such behaviour seriously and a range of protective measures available to those affected.

What is coercive control

Coercive control refers to a pattern of behaviour by one person designed to dominate, isolate, or exploit another, typically within an intimate or family relationship. It is not about a single incident, but rather an ongoing course of conduct that strips away autonomy and creates dependency.

This behaviour often leaves individuals feeling trapped, fearful, and unable to make decisions about their own lives. Importantly, coercive control can occur without any physical violence, though it frequently exists alongside other forms of abuse.

Examples of coercive and controlling behaviour

Coercive control can take many forms, including:

• Isolating someone from friends, family, or support networks
• Monitoring daily activities, communications, or movements
• Controlling finances or restricting access to money
• Repeatedly belittling, humiliating, or intimidating
• Threatening harm, including threats relating to children or pets
• Gaslighting — causing someone to doubt their own memory or perception
• Dictating what someone can wear, eat, or how they behave

Each situation is unique, but what these behaviours share is an intention to exert power and control.

How coercive control affects children

Children living in environments where coercive control is present can be profoundly affected, even if the behaviour is not directed at them.

They may experience anxiety, confusion, and emotional distress. Exposure to controlling dynamics can impact their development, relationships, and sense of security. In some cases, children may be directly drawn into the abusive dynamic, for example, through manipulation or being used as a means of control.

The family courts recognise that harm to a parent through coercive control can also constitute harm to a child. As such, these issues are highly relevant in Children Act 1989 proceedings.

How the law responds to coercive control

In England and Wales, coercive control is a criminal offence under the Serious Crime Act 2015. The law acknowledges that abuse is not limited to physical violence and that patterns of controlling behaviour can be equally harmful.

Victims may seek protection through:

• Non-molestation orders
• Occupation orders
• Police intervention and criminal prosecution

Family courts also take allegations of coercive control seriously when determining arrangements for children, always prioritising the child’s welfare.

Evidence that helps prove coercive control

Because coercive control often happens behind closed doors, gathering evidence can feel challenging. However, various forms of evidence can support a case, including:

• Text messages, emails, or social media communications
• Diary entries or personal records of incidents
• Witness statements from friends, family, or professionals
• Financial records showing restricted access or unusual control
• Medical or counselling reports

A clear timeline of behaviour can be particularly helpful in demonstrating the ongoing nature of the abuse.

How we support clients experiencing coercive control

Experiencing coercive control can be overwhelming and isolating, but legal support can make a significant difference. We take a sensitive and practical approach, ensuring that clients feel heard, supported, and informed at every stage.

Our team can assist with:

• Applying for protective court orders
• Advising on children matters where abuse is a factor
• Helping to gather and present evidence effectively

We understand the complexities of coercive control and work closely with clients to help them regain safety, stability, and control over their lives.

If you or someone you know is experiencing coercive control, seeking advice early can help protect your rights and your wellbeing. Get in touch with our expert team today for advice and guidance.